This module introduces the systems and processes that turn raw water into safe drinking water. It explores surface water and groundwater sources, explaining how source water quality influences treatment requirements. Participants will learn about the main treatment stages, including pretreatment, coagulation and flocculation, clarification, filtration and disinfection, before water enters storage or distribution.

The module also examines how continuous monitoring and laboratory testing help assess treatment performance, guide operational decisions and verify compliance with drinking water quality standards. It introduces the waste streams generated during treatment and explains how responsible handling, disposal and recovery of these materials help protect public health, workers and the environment.